Word: objectors
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...letters (1914-19) of the great German poet, Rainer Maria Rilke; excerpts from Andre Malraux and Franz Kafka among others; the studied, furious oration in which individualist Henry David Thoreau in 1859 defended individualist John Brown. Its "Civil Liberties Section" contained Roger Baldwin's On Being a Conscientious Objector (1918-1913)-plus the judge's decision that in 1918 sent Baldwin to jail...
When the U. S. Communist Party's general secretary and No. 1 front man, crook-mouthed Earl Browder, so testified to the Dies Committee last September, he put himself in danger of a second Federal imprisonment. (In 1917 he was jailed as a conscientious objector to World War I.) Last week the possibility of a second term for Earl Browder, and imprisonment for many another big-name Communist, was brought measurably nearer by the U. S. Department of Justice...
...prodigy in mathematics and history, he quit school at 15 to become secretary to a retired millionaire who fancied radicals. An anarchist sympathizer, at 18 he made campaign speeches for Woodrow Wilson. He made and lost a War fortune in commodities purchased on borrowed money, turned conscientious objector when the U. S. entered the War. Since 1919 he has worked in Wall Street, managed private banks in London and Paris, been in the grain trade in Antwerp, written for financial magazines, ghost-written two books on economics. In all, he has made and lost three fortunes. His last flyer...
...pacifist is a person who, on religious or moral grounds, objects to all wars, defensive or offensive. A conscientious objector is one who reserves to himself the right to decide whether to support his country in a particular war. When the U. S. entered the World War, more than 64,000 citizens applied, on grounds of conscience, for exemption from combat service. But fewer than 4,000 went further, demanded exemption from noncombatant duty. Most of these were sent to farms and camps; 486 were sentenced to prison, 17 to death. (But no one was executed...
...many conscientious objectors there will be, the Handbook does not attempt to say. It estimates that there are 1,000,000 pacifists in the U. S.-on the basis of questionnaires circulated among ministers and churchgoers in recent years, and of the enrollment of the avowed pacifist churches (Quakers, Mennonites, Brethren, Churches of Christ, Assemblies of God). Moreover, some of the biggest Protestant churches, among them the Northern Baptist,' Methodist and Disciples of Christ, have gone on record as claiming for their conscientious objector members the same exemption from combatant service which the Quakers and others will expect...