Word: often
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...psychiatrists of the black and yellow races. Their evidence suggested that 1) schizophrenia is most frequent where the tensions of Western technical civilization have caught up with primitive peoples; 2) when primitive people do suffer from schizophrenia, it-is essentially the same disease as in the West, though often colored by local superstitions, giving point to Carl Jung's warning to the congress that even the most modern, drug-minded therapist "should have sound knowledge of myths and primitive psychology...
...tune with this hopeful emphasis was Topeka's famed Dr. Karl Menninger, who pleaded for more practical help for patients, less theory of a kind that often inspires fear: "The word schizophrenia becomes a damning designation. To have it once applied to a young man can be to ruin a career, despite all evidence of subsequent healthiness." Psychiatrists, argued Dr. Menninger, ought to regard all mental illness as the same in quality and differing only in quantity: "We all have mental illness of different degrees at different times, and sometimes some of us are much worse or much better...
...were switched to semisolid. They got five units of insulin half an hour before each meal. With the onset of deep sleep, patients were wakened three times a day for meals and toileting. By the tenth day they were put on intensive electroshock treatment-usually one treatment daily, and often receiving four or five shocks in two to three minutes-far more intensive than previously tried shock treatments. Said Dr. Cameron: "The rate is set so that complete depatterning is achieved between the 13th and 16th days, after about 30 shock treatments. Complete depatterning is maintained five to seven days...
...psychoses (again a low proportion compared to the West), with the paranoid form most common. Haiti's peasants rarely develop schizophrenia, but those who do, show in their delusions "a cultural African content with the gods and devils of the old black continent." The disease is most often seen among the economically and culturally unstable fringes of the middle class in the towns, and these people in their mental disturbances "evoke the Christian god, electricity, radio and other elements of Western civilization...
...example, to use the disputed term "quite unique," because it is "used freely by outstanding writers and educators today." They approve of the "because" in "the reason why he failed was because ..." And they sanction the redundant "consensus of opinion" on the ground that "it is used so often." On the other hand, they rigorously rule out scores of cliches on the ground of overuse. Example: "Know enough to come in out of the rain...