Word: oil
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...passengers and a steward were lost during the ten hours that the survivors, five of them women, clung precariously to seat-pack life preservers. Toward midnight, the Standard Oil tanker Esso Baytown, one of many craft searching by sea and air, picked them up, took them to New York...
...Mexico, Correspondent Kluckhohn's reports soon took on a tone unsympathetic to the Cárdenas regime. He was the first reporter to discover that proletarian Mexico was bartering expropriated oil for products from Nazi Germany. He reported the woes of foreign businessmen with such zeal that Mexican authorities lost patience...
...Houdry & Fils, Parisian steelmakers. His hobby was auto racing. One day a racing driver excitedly showed him a bottle of gasoline which he said a pharmacist in Nice had derived from lignite ("brown coal"). France, which has lignite but little petroleum, was then in the throes of an oil-shortage scare, and 29-year-old Eugene Houdry caught the driver's excitement...
...product of that excitement, fully described for the first time this week in FORTUNE, is a new process for deriving gasoline from crude oil rather than from lignite. It will not insure France's fuel supply but it seems likely to crack the oil-refining industry as wide open as oil refiners crack crude oil...
Most present oil refining is done by thermal cracking-breaking crude oil's heavy molecules into lighter components by great pressure and heat. This process yields only 44% gasoline (the money-making product), leaves refiners with a great bulk of fuel oil and other by-products to dispose of. Phillips Petroleum Co. has lately found a way to convert some of these by-products into gasoline-through polymerization, which compresses wasted gaseous fractions of crude oil into the heavier molecules of gasoline...