Word: one
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...poor, a dangerous ambivalence of rising expectations and an anxiety that old ways might be endangered. The resentment of modernization is not anything so simply and piously self-abnegating as a wish to avoid luxury; it is also a bitterness at being forced to live adjacent to a wealth one cannot possess...
...chaotic psychology of the mob. Although U.S. reactions have been, all things considered, remarkably mild, the Iranian crisis has legitimized among Americans a new stereotype of the demented Muslim. Says University of Wisconsin Historian Kemal H. Karpat: "Khomeini has done more harm to the Islamic image in one month than all the propaganda of the past 15 years...
During the embassy siege in Tehran, the Soviets have played an ambiguous role. On the one hand, their Ambassador at the United Nations, Oleg Troyanovsky, both by oratory and vote supported the Security Council resolution demanding the immediate release of the American hostages. On the other hand, Soviet propaganda has done what it could to make mischief. At first the Soviet Farsi-language broadcasts, beamed from Baku into northern Iran, harshly criticized the U.S. These were toned down after Washington protested. But last week, in its harshest volley to date, Pravda accused the U.S. of trying to "blackmail Iran...
...Kremlin leaders may delight in the rise of anti-American sentiments in Iran and elsewhere, but they must realize that they do not necessarily reap benefits when the U.S. loses. Moscow's experience has been that even some of its most faithful clients rebel in exasperation. As one top Administration expert puts it: "When the Soviets go into a country in the Middle East, they tend to muck around and not really achieve much improvement in the local way of life...
Soviet ambivalence does not extend, however, to the possible use of American military power in the area. This is one question on which the Soviets as well as America's closest allies in Europe and the Middle East are agreed: that it would be a devastating mistake for the U.S., whatever the provocation, to punish Khomeini by using American power to destroy Iran's airfields or immobilize its oil production. Even the Saudis, though they are fond of saying that the U.S. should throw its weight around and act more like a superpower, are terrified at the notion...