Word: oned
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Despite years of experience and large numbers of patients (an estimated 100,000 people undergo treatment in the U.S. each year), no one is exactly sure how ECT works. According to one theory, the seizure affects the hypothalamus, a portion of the brain regulating production of the body's mood-controlling substances. What is known is that patients often do not recall either the treatment or any events immediately before it. But critics of ECT, even as it is practiced today, say that it can also cause permanent brain damage, including a loss of memory of events...
...incapable of giving informed consent-are coerced into agreement. Says Psychiatrist Lee Coleman of Berkeley, Calif: "I've never seen a single case when valid consent was given." But some patients claim the pressure comes mostly from family and friends who urge them not to undergo treatment. Says one Los Angeles college student, 22, who failed to respond to drugs and agreed to have ECT: "The hospital patients thought I was crazy to do it." Still, to protect the patients' rights, several states have rules governing use of ECT. California's model statute calls for seconding opinions...
...Indochina, but reared in England, Ardizzone, whose style has been likened to Hogarth's and Rowlandson's, served as an official combat artist during World War II, before returning with pen and brush to less serious fare. He illustrated nearly 100 children's books; Magic Carpet, one of his best-known paintings, was reproduced by UNICEF for its collection of international Christmas cards...
Volcker's policy continues to earn raves abroad. The dollar's decline, which had precipitated the action, has been at least temporarily checked. Despite nervousness in world financial markets caused by events in Iran, the dollar has been strong for the past month. Typically, one Frankfurt banker says with a sigh of relief: "For the first time I can confidently see a stable rate for the dollar." Silver, platinum and copper markets, which had soared like comets in early October, have returned to some calm...
...One reason for New York's continuing co-op strength is the presence of moneyed buyers, including many foreigners, who do not need or care to bare their finances to banks; nearly two-thirds of the city's co-op purchases are all-cash deals. Elsewhere, bankers and brokers are devising ways to ease the credit pinch on buyers. Some California brokers arrange deals whereby the seller acts as his own bank; he agrees to turn over his condo to a buyer in return for a so-called trust deed, which requires monthly payments directly from the buyer...