Word: orbiter
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...chemistry prize went to University of Chicago Chemical Physicist Robert Mulliken, 70, for his molecular orbital theory, first published in 1928. With that theory Mulliken forever destroyed an established scientific concept: that atoms retain their original identity when they form molecules. Instead, he argued, the balance of particles within atoms changes when they become part of molecules; electrons may take up orbital paths around the entire molecule instead of remaining in orbit around atomic nuclei. Virtually all of the significant work in molecular structure that has been done since has been based on Mulliken's theory...
Into a higher corporate orbit goes U.S. Astronaut John Glenn, using a 12-oz. bottle of Royal Crown Cola as a launch vehicle. Royal Crown's vice president for corporate development, Glenn last week was also named chair man of the company's international subsidiary. He and Morgan J. Cramer, a former president of P. Lorillard Co. (tobacco) and now R. C. International's president, aim to increase foreign sales 25% next year. Other U.S. soft-drink makers are also training some of their highest-priced executive and promotional talent on the foreign market, whose growth rate...
Though the Russians reveal no details about their satellites before they are launched - and precious few afterward - they cannot keep their secrets for very long. Soon after a Soviet space craft has gone into orbit, U.S. Air Force scientists not only record its speed and plot its orbit but determine its size and shape and often deduce its mission. Their spatial detective work is made possible by radar signature analysis (RSA), a little-known technique that may some day be used to save the U.S. from a sneak attack...
Neptune's Tides. McCord's calculations seem to support what other scientists have suspected. Long ago, as it sank from a higher orbit, Triton passed close to Nereid. The smaller moon, buffeted by Triton's more powerful gravity, may have been hurled into the elliptical orbit it now follows...
Carrying his analysis further, McCord discovered that the forces that acted on Triton to make it sink to its present orbit will continue to affect the larger moon at an accelerating rate. Tides raised on Neptune's surface by the pull of Triton's gravity exert a drag on the satellite that causes its orbit to decay. The tidal action on Neptune also creates friction that dissipates energy from the rotating Neptune-Triton system, further depressing Triton's orbit...