Word: ores
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Thomas Edison once tried magnetic concentration of low-grade iron ore, as Henry Ford discovered in the records of Edison's Menlo Park Laboratory while rebuilding it in his Greenfield Village. So Ford gave this line of research in 1929 as a first assignment to Robert Boyer, who worked off & on at it while developing his famed plastic auto body (TIME...
...many attempted methods of using low-grade ore simple electrolysis proved best. Ore is dissolved in hydrochloric acid; the iron oxide dissolves to become ferric chloride; and when an electric current passes through the solution, the positively charged iron atoms migrate to the negative electrode. Advantage of electrolytic iron over smelted iron...
...Because a lot of water power is going to waste near the Upper Michigan deposits, says Henry Ford, "we could process the poor-grade ore right at the source and ship a pure product instead of shipping bulky ore all the way to our blast furnaces [at Dearborn...
...most important point about the process: the cost of electrolytic v. smelted iron has not been revealed by Ford. But if the process, now in its pilot-plant stage, is economic it will give Ford Motors a return on its investment in its low-grade Lake Superior ore beds. And more than that, it may bring back some prosperity to Upper Michigan, now a desolate peninsula of worked-out copper mines, abandoned iron workings, ravished forests, poor soil...
Styles ranged from the rugged realism of painters like Kansas City's Fletcher Martin (TIME, Nov. 25, 1940) and Chicago's Francis Chapin to flat, geometric abstractions and surrealist fantasies. Top-notchers whose work had already drawn plaudits included Portland, Ore.'s Darrel Austin (who paints dank, dripping green landscapes swarming with wide-eyed animals and ghostlike humans), Boston's Jack Levine (whose red-faced politicians and gangsters appear to be seen through a glass of water...