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Slippery Stitching. Surgeons have dreamed for centuries of making just the sort of replacement of a diseased or injured limb or organ that Dr. Barnard made last week. But when they tried to make their dreams reality, they found themselves encaged by invisible but seemingly invincible forces, mysterious beyond their understanding. Italian surgeons during the Renaissance occasionally succeeded in repairing a sword-slashed nose or ear with flesh from the patient's own arm, but got nowhere with person-to-person grafts. The first widely attempted transplants were blood transfusions, from lamb to man or man to man. Almost...
Guthrie grafted a second head onto a dog half a century before the Russians did it in 1959. Carrel kept part of a chicken's heart "alive" in a laboratory flask. But they still could not get organ grafts between two animals to take for any length of time...
...times, the heart has been apostrophized as the throne of the soul, the seat of man's noblest qualities and emotions-as it still is in poetry and love songs. But even the Vatican newspaper L'Osservatore Romano noted last week that "the heart is a physiological organ and its function is purely mechanical." In fact, the heart is nothing more than a pump. There is no more soul or personality in a heart than in a slice of calf's liver...
...score the ancients were right. The heart is essential to life in a more immediate, temporal sense than any other organ, even the brain. The human body can survive for years in a coma, with no conscious brain function -but only for minutes without a beating heart. So the presence of a heartbeat, along with breathing, has long been the basic criterion for distinguishing life from death. It still is, in the vast majority of cases, despite some special situations in which the brain's electrical activity is a more reliable index. (So far, no surgeon has seriously considered...
...already has more electronic augmentation on hand than most disc jockeys, but he wants to expand his collection. He plans to install a voice organ, with which he could eliminate certain spectra of the sound as well as a variety of custom sound making devices. "Eventually," he says proudly, "I'll have as much control of the show as the engineer does...