Word: orthodox
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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When Israelis want to get married, they are well advised to check with the rabbinical registrar before hiring a caterer or ordering silver. For civil marriage does not exist in Israel, and all Jews-religious and nonreligious alike -must get approval for weddings from the strict Orthodox rabbinate. In many cases the result has been the dismaying discovery that they are considered psulai hitun-"unmarriageable." Under halakhah, the traditional religious...
...marry neither a non-Jew nor a convert who does not meet halakhic standards (thus, according to the Orthodox, excluding those proselytized by Reform and Conservative Judaism, neither of which they recognize...
...midnight meetings, the clandestine signals, the fears of assassination -were all outgrowths of the crisis that has overtaken Portugal in the past two months. On one side were the moderates, symbolized by Melo Antunes, who favor a gradual, pluralistic approach to socialism. On the other were the well-organized orthodox Communists, who seek to impose total control over the country. For the moment, the political momentum plainly belonged to the moderates. In the north and central regions, Portugal's conservative Roman Catholics staged violent assaults against one local Communist headquarters after another (see color opposite). The attacks were eloquent...
...document was aimed point-blank at Gonçalves, the orthodox Communists, the Communist-controlled press and labor unions. Equally determined attacks on the same targets were taking place in the tradition-bound, church-oriented regions of the country. In several towns, bloody clashes between attacking moderates and conservatives on the one side, and Communists and soldiers on the other, left at least three dead and many more wounded...
...Just short of herem (excommunication) in the Judaic tradition is niddui (ostracism), the shunning of a wrongdoer by the whole community. Some extreme Orthodox sects still engage in the practice, but it has otherwise fallen into disuse. Last week, however, niddui was proclaimed against Rabbi Shlomo Lorincz, a member of parliament, by Israel's Chief Rabbinate...