Word: overturned
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...elected bodies, the power of states and the prerogatives of the President. "Courts ought not to do any more than the Constitution or the legislature intended them to do," he told TIME. That brand of judicial deference has a silver lining for liberals. It also encourages a reluctance to overturn earlier court decisions, even those he believes to be mistaken, once they have become entrenched in law and subsequent court rulings. (He has never said, however, whether he thinks the abortion decision belongs in that category.) "He respects tradition, precedent and continuity in the law," says Columbia University Law Professor...
Right-to-Lifers have latched onto this argument as a principal weapon in their war to overturn Roe v. Wade. Given the uncertainty of the viability standard, they claim, potential life should be recognized from conception. They point to medical technologies such as sonography and fetal-heart monitoring that have literally raised the visibility of the unborn well before viability. "It's now common for young couples to see their ((unborn)) little baby moving around, sucking his thumb," says John Willke, president of the National Right to Life Committee...
...shrank to only 5-to-4 in a June 1986 ruling reaffirming that decision, with Powell in the majority both times. The deciding vote in future cases might be cast by Sandra Day O'Connor, who has indicated a willingness to countenance restrictions on abortion but not necessarily to overturn Roe entirely. Proponents of abortion rights fear the worst. Said Kate Michelman, of the National Abortion Rights Action League: "We believe the right to choose a safe and legal abortion has never been in greater jeopardy...
...settled by compromise." In other words, the basic Constitution was too balanced, and thus logically flawed: What moderate compromises are available when a nation seeks to retain the institution of slavery? The answer to the Constitution's excessive symmetry was the Bill of Rights, which did not overturn the basic document but represented a risky extension into the realms of individual freedom that many of the framers thought dangerous. So here was the Enlightenment house with an ell attached, and a riddle: yes, the main structure was perfect, and, yes, it needed continuous work...
...interviews yesterday, faculty members said that the decision by Bok to overturn the offer to Trubek, coupled with other tenure moves in the past two years, constituted a pattern of unfair scrutiny of the work of those professors considered to be members...