Word: oxygen
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...enough doctors and nurses are trained in the special handling of incubator cases, said Dr. Dennis, especially in regulating the oxygen supply, now that it is known that an excess of oxygen can cause blindness (TIME, Sept. 28, 1953). Even with the best of care, many preemies begin to suffocate because a membrane blocks the lungs' air sacs: nobody knows why half of such cases get better and show no ill effects, while the other half die. Bile pigment, which the immature liver cannot handle, may pile up in the blood and cause brain damage. Best way to treat...
...mechanism of radiation damage is still little understood. In experiments, Dr. Baldwin irradiated a bug sealed inside a chamber containing nitrogen. The oxygen deficiency slowed the bug's cell division, and when it molted, the bug showed two to three times less radiation damage than bugs that were irradiated in normal air. Dr. Baldwin concluded that oxygen deficiency improved radiation resistance. Since cells in humans are continually dividing, man may never hope to achieve an insect's resistance. But Dr. Baldwin is hopeful that the study of his kissing bugs will lead to basic knowledge of how radiation...
Another Go. Flight Lieut. John Carter, an R.A.F. medical officer, kept the unconscious Moss alive by pumping oxygen down a tube. One after the other, eight men were lowered down the shaft, but only three reached Moss, and all blacked out because of the motionless, foul air. None was able to make a head-first descent and keep an oxygen mask over his face. Finally a tiny (5 ft.) printer from Derby named Ron Peters, 25, got close enough to be able to touch the trapped man's shoulder but began to gasp for air, had to be pulled...
Blue v. Blue. Dr. Singley knew that he was dealing with methemoglobinemia, in which poisoned red cells carry no oxygen, and other cells cannot deliver enough, to the tissues. Many chemicals can cause the condition, and Dr. Singley had no idea which was to blame. But the remedy is the same: methylene blue, given intravenously, restores hemoglobin to normal oxygen-bearing function. Dr. Singley tried it on both boys and they responded quickly, lost their weird bluish cast...
...boys felt sick. Donald and Dale were the worst. Their father called for an ambulance, and their mother rode with them to Camden's Cooper Hospital. Dale had turned blue, and died on arrival. Resident Thomas L. Singley Jr., 27, concentrated on Donald, also blue. But 100% oxygen did no good, though his breathing was strong enough. The trouble must be something in the blood. As a transfusion was started, Kleinschmidt drove in with David, who was also turning blue...