Word: oxygenate
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...improving athletes' performances. Swedish researchers may now have developed a technique that can do just that. In a series of experiments at Stockholm's Institute of Gymnastics and Sports, Dr. Bjorn Ekblom gave physical education students transfusions of their own red blood cells, which carry oxygen to muscles and other tissues. The result was the kind of boost in endurance that could mean the difference between a gold medal and none...
Ekblom's method is based on a well-established physiological fact: muscles under stress need more oxygen than those that are not. Athletes' muscles become fatigued when they are starved for oxygen. To overcome this hunger, Ekblom first removed a total of 1,200 cc. (slightly more than a quart) of blood from each of four students in three separate bleedings four days apart, then kept the blood in cold storage. The bleedings temporarily reduced the subjects' red-cell count, decreasing their oxygen-carrying capacity and thus their endurance by about 30%. But their bodies soon replaced...
...cult contains two subcultures. The larger and more familiar group flies sophisticated sailplanes that routinely cover dozens or even hundreds of miles and soar to altitudes that may require oxygen masks. The Soaring Society of America estimates that in ten years the number of licensed sailplane pilots has grown from 5,000 to 15,000. Many of them are affluent business people...
...mature, and you have to chop them up for silage." In her recent book on the subject, Power Over People (Oxford University Press; $7.50), Physicist Louise B. Young gives one possible reason: the discharge of high voltages into the air can produce ozone, a form of oxygen with three (rather than two) atoms in its molecular makeup, and oxides of nitrogen. Ozone can oxidize or "burn" healthy tissue, and nitrogen oxides form nitrous acid and one of the major components of smog. All of these might well affect people and plants that live near the lines...
...tough to reverse, and pollution is prominent among them. Most of the Charles's fish are dead, for example, although there are still occasional schools of goldfish to startle the unwary passerby. "The first ones to die are the nicest ones, really," Noss said mournfully. "Trout need five parts oxygen per million, and carp need only point five parts. And down at the bottom of the Lower Basin, it's constant by now, really, there's almost no oxygen at all, so there are no organisms to clean...