Word: oxygenate
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...deaths of the astronauts brought to a head longstanding differences between advocates of pure-oxygen atmospheres for spacecraft and those who favor a two-gas system. The fire hazard inherent in a pure-oxygen system had discomforted space officials for years. In 1962, two crewmen in a space-cabin simulator at San Antonio were overcome by fumes from an instrument-panel fire but were rescued without serious injury. The same year, four men in an oxygen-filled test chamber in Philadelphia suffered second-degree burns when a short circuit in a lighting fixture caused a fire...
...NASA report on fire and blast hazards in spacecraft atmospheres noted that materials which were not highly combustible in a normal atmosphere erupted into flames during the Philadelphia blaze. Critics' suspicions seemed tragically justified last week when two airmen perished in a fire that flashed through the pure-oxygen atmosphere of a sealed test chamber at the U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine at San Antonio. The difficult decision now facing NASA is whether or not to continue to provide American astronauts with a pure-oxygen atmosphere...
...initial choice of oxygen was not made lightly. NASA scientists were aware that a two-gas system, one that would supply an earthlike atmosphere of roughly 20% oxygen and 80% nitrogen, would substantially reduce-but not eliminate entirely-the risk of catastrophic fires. It would also do away with some of the known, adverse physiological effects of exposure to pure oxygen: eye irritation, hearing loss, clogged chest, and possibly other painful symptoms not yet known to doctors...
...Renault Able, began to pack the body in ice. Members of the Cryonics Society of California arrived to help. They spent eight hours, sending out periodically for more ice, getting the body frozen solid. They used artificial respiration and external heart massage to protect the brain from oxygen-loss damage until it was frozen, drained out the blood and replaced it with antifreeze solutions. Then Professor Bedford's icy body was flown to Phoenix, where Edward Hope, a wigmaker by trade, waited with the capsule he had designed and put the professor's remains in liquid-nitrogen storage...
...University of Virginia's Surgeon Leslie E. Rudolf has tried a number of variations, including supercooling with DMSO, under different oxygen pressures, to reduce the cell's metabolism. Dr. Rudolf believes that ways of reducing the metabolism still further may provide the key to preservation of a single whole organ. Even that comparatively modest achievement, starting with a live organ, still lies in a distant future. The prospect of restoring function to a whole human body, with dozens of organs and cell types, which must first be brought back to life, is even more remote...