Word: oxygenated
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...possible, and a new escape hatch has been designed that opens in three seconds (v. 90 in the old model). Loose wiring, the likeliest cause of the tragedy, has been encased in metal. Despite the fire hazards, NASA decided to retain the relatively simple atmospheric system that feeds pure oxygen to the astronauts while in orbit, rather than switch to the safer, heavyweight two-gas system used by the Russians...
...Arguing that others may have been quark hunting in the wrong places, British Physicists J. B. Hasted and M.R.C. McDowell have suggested a new area of search. As quarks rain down on the earth, the British scientists suggest in their Nature article, those with a negative charge combine with oxygen in the ocean to form fractionally charged quark-oxygen atoms. When the quark-oxygen atoms are carried into the air during the normal evaporation and precipitation cycle, they are repelled by the atmospheric electrical field, which extends some 30 miles above the earth's surface, and are driven into...
Hasted and McDowell propose to capture the quark-oxygen atom by launching a Venus's-flytrap rocket that would open its jaws at an altitude of 30 miles, adsorb the oxygen atoms on an activated charcoal surface and bring them back to earth. Any oxygen atoms combined with quarks could then be identified by examining the sample with a mass spectrometer, which would separate them out because of their odd mass and fractional charge...
...algae seems to have carried on photosynthesis, the process by which plants change water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbohydrates, at least 400 million years before anyone thought the process existed...
...emergence of photosynthetic organisms was a key link in the evolution of life, said Schopf. The oxygen released in the process enabled higher, oxygen-breathing plants and animals to appear...