Word: oxygenated
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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Eerie accounts from Greek fighter pilots of a co-pilot slumped over the Helios 737's controls before that crash have experts asking if the oxygen tanks provided for decompression emergencies were not filled--the kind of maintenance mistake that stricter oversight might help prevent. The solution, says aviation analyst John Nance, is "total standardization now--and more intolerance of those countries that fail to comply with it." --By Tim Padgett and Sally B. Donnelly
...make that case, the newspaper published the results of tests conducted since December 2004 by the French National Anti-Doping Laboratory. With the aim of fine-tuning their methodology for spotting EPO, which improves the blood's capacity to transport oxygen, researchers there tested frozen, anonymous urine samples from racers in the Tour de France of 1999, two years before any tests for EPO had been authorized for the tour. Twelve of the samples tested positive for EPO. L'Equipe, which is owned by the same organization that owns the Tour de France itself, matched the numbers of the samples...
...came from the so-called PAL ramp, a ridge of hand-sprayed foam designed to protect fuel lines from buffeting on takeoff ?EXTERNAL FUEL TANK The tank, 154 ft. (47 m) tall and 27.6 ft. (8.4 m) wide, carries 535,000 gal. (2 million liters) of frigid liquid oxygen and hydrogen fuel. It is covered by polyurethane-like foam that keeps the fuel cool, prevents ice from forming on the exterior and protects the tank from overheating during launch...
...instant later the tip of the booster pivoted into the external fuel tank. The ensuing explosion rocked but did not obliterate the shuttle. "The orbiter itself seemed to float, very briefly, above the fireball of exploding hydrogen and oxygen," said one member of the shuttle inquiry panel. He was reminded of the way a bubble survives a cascade over Niagara Falls, "so fragile, yet with all that wild energy around it." Says a National Transportation Safety Board investigator: "The crew compartment was pressurized and sealed tight and welded into a kind of cocoon or bubble that may have suffered relatively...
Although the Soviets did not reveal what caused the explosion, it was apparently the highly volatile liquid fuel of the SS-N-6's. The fuel is "some kind of propellant combined with liquid oxygen," says Lieut. General Richard Burpee, director for operations of the Joint Staff. "Those will ignite on contact with each other, so you have to keep them separate. Handling those two fuels in the same missile is not without its hazards." Because of the danger, liquid-fueled missiles are carried only on older Soviet subs like the Yankee I class, which went into service between...