Word: oxygenated
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Egyptologists, today there's no need to keep grinding up those mummies. In 1856, William Henry Perkin, a bright, just-18-year-old chemistry student, was looking for a synthetic substitute for quinine, a cure for malaria. Perkin was at home, doing experiments infusing coal tar with hydrogen and oxygen?and had failed. Washing out his test tubes, he noticed a residue that resulted in a "strangely beautiful color"?mauve. Hidden inside a lump of coal tar, writes Finlay, was "the potential for thousands of colors." This is where most of our dyes come from...
...climb is dangerous, however. There is half as much oxygen at the peak of Mt. Kilimanjaro as at sea level. Frank says about two people die every year on the mountain...
...will also work out regularly, and go to Colorado to get acclimated to the oxygen-poor atmosphere...
...impressive array of advanced technologies invented both in Detroit and very far from it. Instead of an internal-combustion engine, for example, the Hy-wire is powered by fuel cells like those used in the orbiting space station. Power is generated by an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen that yields as its by-product only heat and H2O. No smelly exhaust, no smog, no greenhouse gases...
...fuel. Sound like a blue-sky pipe dream? One day last July, 300 km above the South Australian Desert, that dream became a reality in the form of the HyShot scramjet. A scramjet (that's top-gun shorthand for "supersonic ramjet") is a jet engine that is powered by oxygen it scoops out of the air as it flies, so it's not weighed down by a fuel tank (though it needs an initial boost to get going). This summer's launch represents the first time a scramjet has flown outside of a wind tunnel. It will take years...