Word: oxygenation
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...rocket fuel combines a chemical that oxidizes and an ingredient that burns. The propulsive energy released is measured as "specific impulse." Present combinations, e.g., liquid oxygen and kerosene, have a specific impulse of about 245 Ibs. Using liquid fluorine as the oxidizer instead of liquid oxygen would boost specific impulse to between...
Sneak Killer. Among other things that Balke & Co. studied was sensitivity to an excess of carbon dioxide in the inhaled air. Odorless and tasteless, COo can be a sneak killer: if something went wrong with his oxygen-recycling system or its indicator, a busy spaceman might not notice it until too late. In the altitude chamber, first Balke and then the airmen mounted an Exercycle. Disguised like Martians in a spirometer (breathing measurement) mask, they pedaled frantically off to nowhere...
...With the oxygen circuit closed, and their metabolism rising with exertion, they sent the CO2 level soaring at a rate of 1% a minute (normal at sea level: about one-thirtieth of 1%). In ten minutes, the C02 level was nudging 12%. This .was about the limit. But Dr. Balke found that his conditioned subjects kept full consciousness longer than lowlanders. Also, they sensed more quickly (thanks to training) the reflexes that indicate the onset of CO2 giddiness. So they would have more time to do something about it. Aside from advantages in regard to the bends...
...Space Age slang for feeling symptoms caused by hypoxia (insufficient oxygen...
Saber & Specter. Obviously, any breath of outside air is, in China's present stage, like too much oxygen. Adult Russians have known nothing but a Communist society for the past 40 years; among educated Chinese, the memory of the atmosphere and another kind of thought is only nine years old. On such people, Mao has to cinch the Marxist straitjacket tighter. He is less free to adopt the Russians' confident approach that "peaceful competition" will lead to ultimate Communist triumph. In the classic fashion of young dictatorships, Red China must rely on "the threat from abroad...