Word: oxygenation
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...Dark Ages began, the cosmos was a formless sea of particles; by the time it ended, just a couple hundred million years later, the universe was alight with young stars gathered into nascent galaxies. It was during the Dark Ages that the chemical elements we know so well--carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and most of the rest--were first forged out of primordial hydrogen and helium. And it was during this time that the great structures of the modern universe--superclusters of thousands of galaxies stretching across millions of light-years--began to assemble...
...other fusion reaction, the fires that powered these short-lived stars worked by forcing simple hydrogen and helium atoms to meld into heavier, more complex elements. The stars that died explosively spiked the surrounding gas clouds with elements like oxygen and carbon, which had never existed before. Billions of years later, the elements forged in stars like these would be assembled into planets, organic molecules and, ultimately, human beings. At the time, though, they served simply to change the chemistry of the clouds, allowing them to collapse into far smaller objects than they could before. The second generation of stars...
...identical picking tables. Three bulbs shone on their bare hands as they flung the clear shrimp into bubbling tanks. They swept piles of sea grass, slick fish, red-ripe coral, and moray eels back into the water. Bouncing porpoises caught the chum.But at 2 a.m. the machine that mixes oxygen into the water stopped pumping. The shrimp began to suffocate and turned white. Jacqui cursed. Chris scrambled under the deck to tweak the hot motor.They would lose everything, hundreds of dollars of pay. Rather than selling their catch to a dealer, they would have to give it away to local...
...share lately. First it was Tyler Hamilton, the Olympic winner in Athens, who suspended in 2005 for using illegal blood transfusions. Then came Roberto Heras, the 2005 Tour of Spain winner who tested positive for EPO (a substance that increases the number of red cells to expand the oxygen-carring capacity of the blood) later and was disqualified and banned for two years. Then Ivan Basso, the Italian who dominated the 2006 Giro de Italia and was expelled, along with two others, from this year's Tour after being implicated in the antidoping operation carried out by Spanish authorities last...
...London's Imperial College. There is some movement toward a cleaner-coal future in Europe. Vattenfall is building a $63 million, 30-MW pilot plant in the east German town of Schwarze Pumpe that uses another, untested clean-coal technology: oxyfuel. The plant will burn coal with pure oxygen instead of air, mixed with CO2 to keep heat levels manageable. What's left is pure CO2. Some is recirculated to aid combustion; the rest is easily captured for sequestration. If the combustion technology works, Vattenfall will build a 250-MW demonstration plant that will transport the captured...