Word: oxygenator
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Squeeze the Heart. But doctors still wanted something more automatic and reliable. Working with engineers of Massachusetts' Brunswick Manufacturing Co., they devised the Thumper, which is basically a small (1½ in. by 3 in.) pneumatic plunger strapped to the chest (see cut). Powered entirely by compressed oxygen (small tanks in portable units, bigger ones in hospitals), the HLR supplies a puff of oxygen twelve times a minute through a face mask, while the plunger, which replaces the rescuer's hands, bounces up and down on the victim's breastbone 60 times a minute. On the downstroke...
...Unknown in nature, these are similar to the innumerable "organic" (carbon-containing) compounds, but have the central chain of carbon atoms replaced by a silicon-oxygen chain. Common sand consists mainly of quartz, which is silicon dioxide...
...Anatomist James A. Miller Jr. this seemed like one case in which common sense was dead wrong. Since the brain's extraction of oxygen from the blood is a biochemical process, Miller figured that a cooled brain will consume less oxygen, and be in less danger of damage from oxygen deprivation, than a warmed brain. Working with his wife Faith, also an anatomist, and using guinea pigs at Atlanta's Emory University, Dr. Miller found what he considered proof of his reasoning...
...adults, oxygen deprivation causes irreversible brain damage within about four minutes. Nature's wisdom gives the newborn an extra ten or 15 minutes...
Oddly enough, the film is most absorbing when Cousteau lets his camera or his commentary dwell on the extraordinary detail of his men's day-to-day existence. In the heavy air, laden with double the normal amount of oxygen, cuts and abrasions heal overnight. Beards almost stop growing. In the 86-ft. Deep Cabin, the male larynx, in reaction to helium, produces shrill chipmunk sounds. The men listen to music, keep house, play chess, pamper a parrot, and begin to feel strangely detached from events in the surface world. Jewel-bright sea creatures hover outside the glass windows...