Word: oxygenator
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...life jacket, swung by rope to a spindly ladder, and climbed 150 feet to the rig's platform, where a helicopter was awaiting him. At an airbase on the mainland, they crammed Boggs into a flight suit, strapped him into a two-seat jet trainer, clapped an oxygen mask on his face, took away the sandwich he had been clutching, and rocketed him back to Washington...
Students of ancient life believe that billions of years ago the newly formed earth was covered by an atmosphere that had no free oxygen in it. Instead it had methane, ammonia, carbon dioxide and other gases that cannot be breathed by modern animals. Lightning flashes, so the theory goes, forced these gases to form complicated chemicals that dissolved in sea water. There the chemicals reacted with each other and the water, forming bigger and bigger molecules. After millions or billions of years of this process, a single molecule-perhaps a nucleic acid-was formed that had the ability to grow...
Drifting & Dreaming. The Sigma 7 was equipped for a few scientific experiments, including some star observations for Schirra to make. But the main purpose of the six-orbit flight was to check the performance of the capsule's oxygen, electrical-and attitude-control systems. Considered critical was the amount of fuel needed. Schirra proved, as the technicians had suspected, that both Glenn and Carpenter could have managed with much less fuel if they had done less aimless maneuvering...
...system the capsule can get along with less fuel on even longer orbits. A heavy periscope can also be dumped, because Schirra proved that tricks of maneuvering that make it unnecessary can be accomplished with very little fuel. These savings can be invested in other desirables, such as more oxygen for breathing and more water for cooling...
...Fifth Anomaly. Most blue babies, so called from the color of their fingertips and lips, suffer from a set of four inborn defects in the heart and arteries, known as Fallot's tetralogy. The effect is to recirculate much blood from which oxygen has been naturally removed in the veins, and send only part of it to the lungs for re-oxygenation. The Taussig-Blalock operation, devised years before open-heart surgery with a heart-lung machine became possible, is a compromise: it consists of purposely creating a fifth defect-a connection from the aorta to the pulmonary artery...