Word: pacificism
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Already there is reason to think that the El Nino brewing in the Pacific may dwarf just about any other seen in this century. The swath of equatorial ocean over which it holds sway extends some 6,000 miles, a quarter of the globe's circumference. Temperatures at the sea...
Until recently, most weather scientists paid scant attention to the periodic episodes of warm water that for countless centuries have appeared off the coast of Peru. They seemed to be a local event, one that affected mainly fish--in particular, Peru's lucrative anchovy fishery--and seabirds. Not until the...
As a result, the El Nino of 1997-98 will be the most closely observed in history. In the tropical Pacific, ships, satellites and stationary buoys are gathering mountains of continuous data--on sea-surface temperatures, wind speeds and directions, and ocean currents--that scientists at universities and government laboratories...
In terms of the climate machine, El Nino is more than just a sudden warm current off Peru. It refers to a rise in sea-surface temperatures over much of the equatorial Pacific as well as a change in winds and ocean currents. Indeed, there is a kind of climatic...
To visualize how the ENSO cycle works, think of the Pacific Ocean as a big bathtub, with a fan stirring up air representing the trade winds. In the ENSO cycle's neutral or cold phase, these winds blow from east to west, pushing water away from the South American coast...