Word: pah
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...children in the study are participants in a broader long-term research project, begun in 1998, that follows them from shortly before birth to age 11. To determine prenatal exposure to PAHs and other pollutants, mothers of these children wore special backpacks containing air-sampling equipment for 48 hours during their third trimester of pregnancy, capturing both indoor and outdoor air quality. Based on the results, they were divided into high-PAH-exposure and low-exposure groups. The mothers were healthy, nonsmoking black and Dominican-American women, ages 18 to 35, living in northern Manhattan and the South Bronx...
Earlier reports from Perera's group had found that higher prenatal exposure to PAHs is associated with lower weight and smaller head size at birth and developmental delays at age 3. Studies of children in China who live near coal-burning plants have found that PAH exposure is associated with delayed motor development. The current Pediatrics study, however, is the first to link exposure to reduced performance on IQ tests. Kids in the low-exposure group scored a mean IQ of 101.6, while the mean score in the high-exposure group...
...relationship between PAH exposure and IQ holds up when other possible risk factors are taken into account, including exposure to lead, pesticides and secondhand smoke and the mother's level of education...
...good news, Perera says, is that we know how to reduce these dangerous emissions. "Efforts to reduce diesel truck idling and require cleaner fuels have been effective in reducing pollution," she says. Her own group has seen a modest decline in PAH levels as a result of such policies. "This study shows more needs to be done. We want healthy children, children who can reach their potential...
...Canada. One of seven kids, Wiebe describes the labor of clearing trees in the ?boreal forest that wraps itself like an immense muffler around the shoulders of North America.? While Wiebe?s recollections tend to ramble and roam, he returns faithfully to the same characters: hard-working Mam and Pah, sickly sis Helen, older and distant brother Dan. Through memories, family sayings, and photographs, he recreates daily life: chores, trips to church, the three-mile trek to the schoolhouse, marriages and deaths, and more chores. It?s not easy living in what he calls ?a pioneer community of three hundred...