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...study in question by Kundermann, which was published in 2004 in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, found that people who were deprived of sleep for one night had an increased sensitivity to certain types of pain. Two Justice Department memos, dated May 10, 2005, cited this study as justification to conclude that severe sleep deprivation of up to 180 consecutive hours might cause some increased pain but not "severe physical pain" when used in conjunction with facial slaps, stress positions, water dousing and walling, in which a detainee is slammed against a flexible wall...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Scientists Claim CIA Misused Work on Sleep Deprivation | 4/21/2009 | See Source »

...Because sleep deprivation appears to cause at most only relatively moderate decreases in pain tolerance, the use of these techniques in combination with extended sleep deprivation would not be expected to cause severe physical pain," wrote Steven Bradbury, a principal deputy assistant attorney general in the Office of Legal Counsel, who authored the memos...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Scientists Claim CIA Misused Work on Sleep Deprivation | 4/21/2009 | See Source »

...interrogation memos, which were declassified last week by President Obama, Bradbury cited the work of Horne, of Britain's Loughborough University, to conclude that "even very extended sleep deprivation does not cause physical pain." In an e-mail sent on Monday to Hilary Bok, who maintains the blog Obsidian Wings, Horne wrote that Bradbury's conclusions, based on CIA recommendations, were significantly flawed. "Prolonged stress with sleep deprivation will lead to a physiological exhaustion of the body's defense mechanisms, physical collapse, and with the potential for various ensuing illnesses," Horne wrote. "We don't know at what point this...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Scientists Claim CIA Misused Work on Sleep Deprivation | 4/21/2009 | See Source »

...torture in the past, both by the U.S. Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals (in a lawsuit about human-rights violations in the Philippines) and the U.N., on multiple occasions. Nonetheless, the Justice Department memos concluded that the use of prolonged sleep deprivation "cannot be expected to cause 'severe mental pain or suffering,' " as defined by U.S. criminal...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Scientists Claim CIA Misused Work on Sleep Deprivation | 4/21/2009 | See Source »

...told the OLC when it sought a legal opinion on the use of waterboarding. An Aug 1, 2002, memo by Assistant Attorney General Jay Bybee says the CIA had "indicated that these acts will not be used with substantial repetition, so that there is no possibility that severe physical pain could arise from such repetition. Accordingly, we conclude that these acts neither separately nor as part of a course of conduct would inflict severe physical pain or suffering with the meaning of the statute." (Read "Bush Torture Memo Approved Use of Insects in Interrogations...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: How Waterboarding Got Out of Control | 4/20/2009 | See Source »

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