Word: painters
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Copley's sense of empirical realism would be carried forward by other painters. It wasn't so long ago that people thought of John James Audubon (1785-1851) as a gifted illustrator, an "ornithological artist"--but he was far more than that. He was a great formal painter with (almost literally, one might say) an eagle eye. To create his great work The Birds of America, four volumes showing 497 species, life-size and engraved in full color on the largest sheets of paper then available, he would shoot each bird and wire up its corpse on a board...
...Northeast, the Quakers, led by William Penn, despised most arts. Music was a distraction, poetry (beyond the simplest hymns) a snare. So the lack of Quaker painting is hardly a surprise, though some artists--most conspicuously Benjamin West--came from Quaker families and left the faith. The only painter who lived and died a Quaker was the Philadelphia "primitive" Edward Hicks (1780-1849), and he felt moral qualms about...
Ryder was an erratic painter, and his reputation rests on perhaps a dozen works, most of which are his famous "marines"--dark, concentrated images of the fishing smacks of his New England coastal youth, pitted against wind and wave. They concentrate the Romantic terrors of seascape; in them Ryder showed he was the Samuel Palmer of Ishmael's "watery part of the world." Some of his work, particularly the figure paintings, verged on kitsch, but that only made him seem more like another American visionary, Edgar Allan Poe--so overwrought, yet so influential. Though Ryder was never...
...final work of the first gallery is an imposing monumental image attributed to the Northern Sung painter Fan Kuan, one of the acknowledged masters of Northern Sung landscape painting. Even under the dim lighting to protect the fragile works, one can still discern the painstaking brushwork and elaborate design that many associate with the austerity of Daoism and the harsh climate of Northern China...
Arshile Gorky, an Armenian refugee who settled in Watertown, was an abstract impressionist painter and studied at the Boston New School of Design...