Word: palmiro
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...distinct phases of softening its militancy. As early as last January, there were signs that the Red propaganda line would revert to "peace." Girding their loins for the Italian elections and the Marshall Plan battle. Communists meeting in Milan formed a "peace front" (TIME, Jan. 19), which in Palmiro Togliatti's words would "characterize Communist activity throughout the present historical phase" and would play on "the profound anguish which grips all classes at the very thought...
...soon a message went out from Communist headquarters to "stop moping." Palmiro Togliatti gave out the official excuse for the defeat: the elections had not been free-the U.S. and the Vatican had interfered. Said Luigi Longo, who commands the Red partisans: "The election was not a Waterloo, but just a lost battle . . . The relations between the government and the people will go through dangerous tensions . . . We will collect the fruits of our labors at some future date...
...Communists held their last big rally before the ancient Church of Saint John Lateran. From a ten-ton truck decorated with cardboard doves of peace, Palmiro Togliatti spoke to 100,000 Romans. Said he: Alcide de Gasperi had called him a cloven-hoofed man, and he had a good mind to take off his shoe to show that this was a lie. "But it is better to put hobnails in the shoe and kick De Gasperi...
...Enemy. In four years, Communism had established its own Vatican (a shiny, modern office building), its own Pope (Palmiro Togliatti), its own hierarchy of spiritual and secular servants. One of the most important was Luigi ("The Cock") Longo, a man with a sharp, beaked face, who is generalissimo of Italian Communism's army. His partisans, who never surrendered the arms with which they fought the Germans, are estimated at 150,000. Daily, Italian police were finding more of Longo's arms caches; no one knew how many they failed to find. Longo's men face...
Another Communist servant who symbolized Pope Palmiro's strength even better was Giuseppe di Vittorio, brassknuckled labor leader, who controls most of Italy's labor unions; through them he can cripple Italy's entire industry. This week, as a small sample of what he could do, he led a one-hour nationwide general strike. If the Communists decide to use strikes and sabotage rather than open violence, Di Vittorio would...