Word: panchen
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...hostess during the early years of independence. It was an era in which Rajiv and his younger brother Sanjay saw most of the world's major political figures trip through: Presidents and kings, commissars and emerging Third World statesmen. One anecdote relates that the young Dalai Lama and the Panchen Lama were missing at the house during a visit. The spiritual leaders of Tibetans were found in the backyard playing around a wigwam with the Gandhi boys...
...August 1950, Gen. Liu po-ch'eng moved the troops of his Southwest Military Commission into Tibet to liberate the territory which had evaded Chinese authority since the beginning of the Republic. The tenth Panchen Lama, bolstered by the Nationalists who too had always claimed the right to Chinese authority in the region, voiced his whole-hearted support for the move. Meanwhile, Tibet unsuccessfully appealed for intercession by the United Nations. In 1951, the regime paid lip service to its earlier pledges to Tibet's right to regional autonomy. But between 1952 and 1958, the Chinese fought a revolt...
Factional fighting still flares frequently in the provinces. In Shansi, troops have had to be called in from elsewhere to still rioting. In Tibet, small guerrilla clashes are said to be frequent, and there are reports that the Panchen Lama, once considered a willing tool of Peking, has escaped from prison. In Szechwan, one of China's rice bowls, an armed group calling itself the "Red Worker-Peasant Guerrilla Column" is said to be roaming the hills. In Hunan, Chairman Mao's home province, authorities complain that "the trend of anarchism ran rampant" all last summer. In Kiangsu...
...terror by suicide that the Chinese have strung barbed-wire barricades along the banks of the Kyichu (River of Happiness) to keep people from throwing themselves in. At least 80,000 Tibetans, including the god-king Dalai Lama, have chosen exile. Another 200,000, including his deputy, the Panchen Lama, have been imprisoned or enslaved in forced-labor brigades...
...have bravely tried to resist their destruction. Fierce mountain tribesmen staged bloody rebellions, and Tibetans forcibly recruited into the army have on occasion turned their weapons against the Chinese. Peking's puppet "Tibet Autonomous Region" collapsed because Tibetan "collaborators," including Mao's own Peking-groomed leader, the Panchen Lama, refused to cooperate with their Chinese overlords any longer. The Chinese had to establish a military dictatorship, and last fall Peking formally abandoned all pretense of Tibetan self-rule...