Word: papal
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Dates: during 1900-1909
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...since the sixteenth century has there been such an admirable chance to study Catholicism as illustrated in the Roman Catholic Church. The Modernists of that church are allied in many ways to Protestant liberalists. The fa- mous papal bull of 1907 defined Modernism with adequate correctness. The Modernists lay emphasis on biblical criticism, relativity of dogma, immanence of God, and the social element in religion. The absolute authority of the pope is questioned. They consider that the authority of the bishops rests on the people and not on their succession to the Apostles. The conception of the Catholic Church...
...human individuality and a vital sense of man's dignity. With this came also an awakened interest in the Latin authors. Following Petrarch's discovery of some of Cicero's correspondence came the discovery of the remainder by Niccoli, who was the founder of textual criticism. Poggio, a Papal secretary, was the discoverer of many Latin manuscripts, and by 1433, a century after Petrarch, he has discovered or assisted in the discovery of the manuscripts of 15 Latin authors, including Cicero, Tacitus, Plautus and Lucretius. All the discoveries of this century, however, were but a small percentage of the amount...
...lecture will discuss in particular the Catholic reaction of the nineteenth century with its culmination in the dogma of papal infallibility, the existing antagonism between the church and the various European governments, the tendency of the church to perpetuate in the modern world the spirit of the Roman Empire and its opposition to nationality, and the decline of the reaction under the influence of the modern motives of nationality and personality. It will also touch upon the significance of the career of Leo XIII, the place of the Bible in modern life, and the significance of Protestantism as a political...