Word: papal
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...retreat was temporary. The strapping redhead won his first battle at age 13. At 20 he defeated the usurpers. He fought successfully for and against the French King. He made a dynastic marriage, over papal objections, to the daughter of the powerful Count of Flanders. (William was 5 ft. 10 in. tall, his Matilda barely 4 ft. They had at least nine children.) By 1065 he was absolute lord of a consolidated Normandy. Then he looked northward...
...Church of the Annunciation in Nazareth, the Israeli government angered the Vatican Sunday by breaching diplomatic protocol in announcing that Pope John Paul II will visit the Holy Land in March (the Vatican considers that it should make announcements about the pope's schedule). "The Israeli government regards the papal visit as a coup, because they believe that his visit to Jerusalem as a guest of Israel lends legitimacy to Israel's claim of sovereignty over the city," says TIME Jerusalem bureau chief Lisa Beyer. "But diplomatic relations between them, which have existed only since 1994, remain tense." Like most...
...scene is the papal kitchen, 1942. Pope Pius XII is holding two closely written sheets. On them is his denunciation of the Nazi persecution of European Jews, to be published by evening. But word has just arrived that after Holland's bishops issued a similar statement from the pulpit, the Germans deported 40,000 Catholics of Jewish origin. If the Dutch protest cost 40,000 lives, Pius says, "my own could cost the lives of perhaps 200,000 Jews. I cannot take such a great responsibility. It is better to remain silent before the public and do in private...
...apple in Cornwell's tale of sin is papal power. Pius, born Eugenio Pacelli, hailed from a family of Vatican loyalists dedicated to tightening Rome's rein on its semi-independent European churches. As a diplomat in Germany, he pursued the long-term goal of a church-state pact granting Rome near total control over its Teutonic flock. No German leader would sign--until Hitler...
...Blet was one of four Jesuits who compiled the official 12-volume record of Pius' war years from Vatican archives. He too has a new book: a useful summary titled Pius XII and the Second World War. Blet maintains that the 1933 pact was "practically imposed by Hitler." And papal power was hardly its only carrot: "The Nazis offered such good conditions that it would have been crazy not to sign it." Cornwell's implication of Pacelli in the Center Party's demise, he notes, rests heavily on uncorroborated memoirs by a former party head...