Word: papally
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Papal Encyclical...
...population-control programs or governments that are particularly susceptible to Catholic pressure, such as those in Latin America. Wrote West Berlin's liberal Die Zeit: "What kind of church leadership is it that is willing to throw all the warnings of science to the winds? How is this papal decree reconcilable with the command to love thy neighbor, when we already know that between now and 1980 approximately 40 million people will starve to death?" In Manhattan, demonstrators representing the Parents' Aid Society, a militant birth control group, paraded in protest outside St. Patrick's Cathedral...
...most thorough study of Catholic teaching on the subject. At a Washington press conference, Noonan suggested that the encyclical may ultimately be regarded as just another mistake of the papacy, like the medieval declarations that usury is a sin, or Pius IX's insistence that the papal states of Italy existed by divine will...
Specific church condemnations of birth control notably increased during the late 19th century, when such technological developments as vulcanized rubber made contraception cheap and easily available to the masses. With the growing acceptance of contraception in the secular world, the papal stance against birth control hardened, culminating in the 1930 encyclical Casti Connubii (On Christian Marriage). Reacting to the acceptance of birth control by the Anglicans' significant Lambeth Conference that year, Pope Pius XI declared, in accordance with the natural-law theory, that since the sexual act had a procreative intent, it was a violation of divine will...
Pyramid of Wisdom. The likelihood that Humanae Vitae would prove to be a dead letter within months after its publication raised a far more fundamental ecclesiastical question, the role of papal authority in the church. Many theologians contend that there has been an unhealthy overemphasis on the teaching voice of Rome since the definition of papal infallibility at the First Vatican Council in 1870. In effect, the church has been a pyramid, with all wisdom flowing downward from the top. Pope John XXIII and the Second Vatican Council suggested the possibility of a more democratic, decentralized concept of Catholicism. Paul...