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What exactly is going awry in the brains of people who have autism? The answer is very slowly coming into focus. A paper published in the current issue of Science by researchers at Children's Hospital Boston and members of the Boston-based Autism Consortium identifies five new autism-related gene defects. Already, more than a dozen genetic defects have been found to be associated with autism spectrum disorders, which affect about 1 in 150 children, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. But the good news, say the Boston researchers, is that many of the genes...
...Instead the defects lay mainly in adjacent regions that turn the gene fully or partially on and off. This suggests that certain therapies or drugs could help normalize the activity of these genes, according to Dr. Eric Morrow of Massachusetts General Hospital, one of the lead authors of the paper. In fact, Morrow suspects that early intervention programs for children with autism involving intensive instruction in speech and social behavior may work by altering the expression of affected genes. (This idea is supported by research with mice, which has shown that providing a rich, stimulating environment directly affects gene expression...
...physical and mental well-being after their spouse is gone. One study, published last spring in the journal Death Studies, found that knowing ahead of time that a spouse is fatally ill may give the surviving partner an opportunity for closure and may prevent extreme depression later on. The paper warns that while most mourners eventually recover from the loss of a loved one, about 20% will face chronic emotional difficulties. Having a chance to say goodbye can mitigate those future problems. "It was less about how much was said, as long as you had the chance to say what...
...haven't found anything," said Mr. Pitt. "You're like the last honest man in America." Then Mr. Pitt got very serious. "Is there anything that might come out that we should know about? What can't happen here is that the nominee reads something in the paper that you didn't disclose in the vetting process." After he says this to candidates, every one of them tells him something-from false accusations from old law partners to an uncaught drunk-driving experience that someone witnessed...
That's why a paper that came out last October in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences was so alarming. CO2, the scientists concluded, is piling up faster than ever in the air, not only because our emissions continue to rise but also because the ocean and land have quit sopping up as much as they used to. Apparently, they've had enough...