Word: papua
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...PAPUA, an Indonesian province, has had a simmering separatist movement for 30 years. But its model, East Timor, has struggled since gaining sovereignty...
...with a night curfew and a ban on the sale of alcohol. As well as rushing in 220 extra soldiers and 70 police, Australia has dispatched two Navy patrol boats, two Army Iroquois helicopters and a platoon of airfield-defense guards. Together with reinforcements from Fiji, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea, they are being kept on alert in case further violence breaks out when Parliament meets this week...
...experts are far from sure he's right. What is clear is the law's broad intent: to extend the Pacific Solution - which excised dozens of Australian islands from the official migration zone so boat people landing on them could be sent to processing centers in Nauru and Papua New Guinea - to the Australian mainland. Those arriving illegally by boat will now be sent to such centers and, if found to be refugees, resettled elsewhere...
...credible asylum system, in the absence of anything approximating a mass influx, decides to transfer elsewhere the responsibility to handle claims made actually on the territory of the state." Coming amid tension with Indonesia over the granting of three-year visas to a group of independence activists from West Papua province, the policy shift has brought accusations of appeasement. But it's also raised questions about Australia's commitment to the U.N.'s 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees...
...Also in doubt, says Foster, is Article 33, under which signatories agree not to return "in any manner whatsoever" refugees to a situation of persecution. Australia and Indonesia are discussing joint naval patrols, and a spokesman for Defence Minister Brendan Nelson says the possibility of turning boats from Papua back to Indonesia is under consideration. Such a move would breach Article 33, says Foster - as would setting up an offshore processing system inferior to Australia's, which could result in flawed decisions and genuine refugees being repatriated to life-threatening situations. Despite criticism that the Convention is ill equipped...