Word: parathyroid
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...skin transplants on mice were not the only Summerlin experiments that were repudiated. Summerlin had claimed on several occasions that he had grafted skin from one human to another unrelated one, implanted human corneas in rabbits, and transplanted adrenal and parathyroid glands from animal to animal. But after appearing before the committee for a total of eight hours, Summerlin-in addition to admitting that he had used a pen to touch up the mice-conceded that no successful corneal grafts had occurred. The committee found that the results of his gland transplants were at best equivocal...
...Bartter team started with two known facts. Parathyroid hormone, secreted by the thyroid's tiny satellite glands, directs the removal of calcium from bone and its release into the blood. One of the thyroid's own hormones, thyrocalcitonin, controls the converse-the transfer of calcium from blood to bone. These two hormones balance each other in normal metabolism by an exquisitely delicate feedback mechanism. Too little calcium in the blood signals the parathyroids to take some out of the bones and put it into circulation; a sufficiency of calcium in the blood induces a stop order from...