Word: parliaments
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Dates: during 1880-1889
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...lost by shipwreck in the Mediterranean and it was not until 1812 that all were safely landed in England. At first these were coolly received, owing to the people being engaged in hostilities with France, but finally when peace was restored they were favorably received. In his report to parliament Lord Elgin estimated the expense at L50,000 and besides this he was out of pocket L20,000 interest. He received for his trouble only L35,000 there by recovering only half his expenses. From this report it appears that more money was spent in this work than...
...great step toward reform in political methods was the "Corrupt Practice Act" passed by the English parliament in 1883. The chief points of this act are that each candidate shall file a sworn statement of all money he receives for election expenses, and of all money he spends and others spend for him. The advantage of this is that candidates will enter the struggle on equal terms. Furthermore election contests are to be decided in court and not by legislatures; in court a man can get the best possible hearing, and is bound to have his case decided...
...offenses. He is assisted by thirteen cabinet officers. The legislature composes a senate appointed for life, a house commons of 215 members, who are elected for a term of five years. The judicial power is vested in five judges whose decision can be refuted only by petition to parliament. The government of the several provinces is on the same principle...
Previous to the sitting of parliament the cabinets gather and discuss the bills severally which are to come up at its meeting. Each bill is printed and circulated about the towns that they may become familiar to the people. In this way the lobbying and canvassing is done away with, and there is little chance for corruption. The remaining advantages of the Canadian government in brief are, the harmony existing between the executive and legislature, a satisfactory system of private legislation, permanent civil service, the secret ballot, judicial decision in bribery cases and the trial of divorce cases before parliament...
...Napoleon, when the confederation of the German states was formed. Up to 1848, however, there was virtually no constitution, as the bodies empowered to form one did not do so. The revolutions in all the other states in 1848 caused the monarchs of these states to yield, and a parliament representing the people was formed. In this the present German constitution received its inception. After the Austrian war the Reichstag was established. This body is elected by the people and represents them, while the Bundesrath represents the governments of the different states. The Reichstag is a single chamber...