Word: pasadena
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Having tracked Surveyor's flight by radar, Pasadena's Jet Propulsion Lab determined that Surveyor had landed some where in a three-square-mile area in the south eastern corner of the Ocean of Storms. From the pictures that Survey or had transmitted, they also knew that it was standing in a crater about 100 yds. wide. Unfortunately, there were about 1,000 craters of that size within the probable landing area. Which one held the mooncraft...
...Lexington, Mass., was incredulous when a neighbor interrupted to report what he had just heard over the radio. Dr. Alfred Hershey, 60, also was skeptical when word reached him at Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. Dr. Max Delbrück, 63, was disgruntled; it was only 5 a.m. in Pasadena when a reporter called him. Telegrams from Stockholm soon confirmed the news. The three biologists (only Luria is an M.D.) had been jointly awarded the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine for their work between 1940 and 1952 in microbiology and genetics. The three will divide equally the award...
...weeks after the Mariner pictures were transmitted, scientists at Pasadena's Jet Propulsion Laboratory were also getting a far clearer look at the red planet itself. In the first fast playback of the 200 TV images radioed by the two probes, they saw a very rough and lunar-like surface. But after considerable electronic enhancement of the pictures, a slow process that increases contrasts and eliminates random "noise" in the radio signals, the scientists have now produced a portfolio of photographs that show three distinctly different types of Martian topography. Besides cratered regions, there are huge, flat, featureless areas...
Other scientists at Pasadena's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) hotly dispute the idea that the polar caps are largely frozen water. Most investigators are now convinced that they are mostly frozen carbon dioxide, otherwise known as dry ice. Mariner 7 helped their argument. Its infra-red radiometer measured the temperature of the area at - 253°F., or roughly the frost point of carbon dioxide on Mars...
...caused even greater concern at Mission Control when it went off the air entirely for seven hours. Apparently struck by a tiny meteoroid, the spacecraft lost its fix on the star Canopus and its directional antenna spun away from earth. A new roll-and-search command went up from Pasadena. Mariner 7 obeyed, and though performing at less than capacity, its radio functioned again...