Word: passport
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Much for the Passport. Delgado got out of Portugal soon after he polled an uncomfortably large 23% of the vote against Premier Salazar's hand-picked candidate for President in the 1958 election. Impatient for action and convinced that "the only solution is bullets," he flew to Morocco last October to hatch a rebel lion against the durable Dr. Salazar. Delgado-made 18 futile attempts to sneak into Portugal, finally decided he needed a passport, a readily available item in wide-open Casablanca. The Colombian, French, Italian and U.S. passports offered to him by dealers were too expensive...
...behaved far worse than India; conveniently forgotten was the fact that Britain bowed to a U.N. cease fire and withdrew from the territory it had taken. The Times of India voiced the surprise of Indian diplomats that the Portuguese authorities in Macao and Africa had interned 30,000 Indian passport holders, "because this is the kind of step usually taken against enemy aliens on the outbreak of war; India is not at war with Portugal...
Once again the State Department has begun to consider methods of tying its passport regulations about the necks of subversives. Suddenly very stern, it now threatens rigid enforcement of provisions in the Internal Security Act of 1950 that forbid members of proscribed organizations to apply for permission to leave the country. Possibly the Department will observe the letter of the Act even more closely, and direct a suspicious glare upon itself, for it is also an offense for government employees "knowing or having reason to believe" that applicants are Communists to issue passports to them...
...easy but misleading to attribute the Department's eagerness to bring all its machinery down on American Communists to a desire for efficient enactment of legislation. Department officials know very well that the Supreme Court has given them considerable flexibility in the matter of passport regulations, and consequently, that decisions on when to prosecute subversives are almost entirely up to the Passport Office...
...Dulles, and although reluctant to specify if this freedom could be abused, it certainly did not insist that government officials do their best to limit it. In other words, as soon as the State Department initiates a repressive policy such as forcing subversives to state their affiliations on passport applications, it transforms its employees into contitutional interpreters. And foreign service officers are hardly competent to decide if a required admission of subversive affiliation violates the Fifth Amendment by making self-incrimination compulsory...