Word: pasteurizer
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...wooden table, a couple of wooden buckets alongside and on a side table a basin of warm water. Handy were the heavy knives and other instruments Dr. McDowell operated with, the bayonet-like needles, silver suture wire, waxed thread for ligatures. Nothing was sterilized, for Lister's and Pasteur's work was still 60-70 years in the future...
...living creatures harbor a variety of germs. That fact irked Pasteur and a succession of other bacteriologists. They proved that certain germs caused certain diseases. They could grow pure cultures of such germs in test tubes and petri dishes. But never alone in living creatures. Always other germs were present to contaminate the situation and possibly have an influence on the germs under study. Pasteur and successors longed for germ-free ''living test tubes." Last week Professor James Arthur Reyniers of the University of Notre Dame announced that at last he has raised Pasteur's desire-germ...
Just 50 years ago this coming July Pasteur first used a vaccine on a human being. It was rabies vaccine, which Pasteur administered to Joseph Meister an Alsatian child chewed by a mad dog. The boy recovered, and bacteriologists began to invent vaccines, the moment they dicovered the cause and method of transmission of a disease...
Upon his return Pasteur injected some of the dead virus into a healthy chicken. Nothing happened. Astonished, he prepared a fresh batch of virulent virus and injected it into the same chicken. Nothing happened-because the erroneous mnoculation with dead virus had immunized the chicken against cholera...
...Pasteur thus by accident discovered the principle of preventive innovation against infectious disease. For the firs time someone could explain why pus from a calf's poxy sores prevented smallpox in human beings...