Word: pasteurizers
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Died. Jacques Monod, 66, Nobel Prize laureate for his research into the mechanics of heredity, which led him to claim that man is a cosmological accident; of blood disease; in Cannes. A Resistance fighter, molecular biologist and, since 1971, director of the Pasteur Institute in Paris, he helped solve the riddle of how cells develop into unique structures like hair or the heart. In his bestselling 1970 book Chance and Necessity, he argued that there is neither god nor grand design in the universe: "Chance alone is at the source of all novelty, all creation". His critics found his philosophy...
...cruel treatment of animals in 1866-43 years before passage of legislation prohibiting cruel treatment of children. But even in those days, a great deal of animal lovers' money and effort went into quixotic causes like fighting feathered hats, circuses and the use of experimental animals by Pasteur and Jenner. Today antivivisectionists are a powerful, massively financed, if misguided force in Washington. Other well-meaning groups crusade for roomier bird cages, Medicaid and tax deductions for pets, even a ban on boiling lobsters alive...
JULES MASSERMAN, U.S. psychoanalyst: Leaders must fulfill three functions -provide for the well-being of the led, provide a social organization in which people feel relatively secure, and provide them with one set of beliefs. People like Pasteur and Salk are leaders in the first sense. People like Gandhi and Confucius, on one hand, and Alexander, Caesar and Hitler on the other, are leaders in the second and perhaps the third sense. Jesus and Buddha belong in the third category alone. Perhaps the greatest leader of all times was Mohammed, who combined all three functions. To a lesser degree, Moses...
...honey or fruit left too long in a warm place, alcohol has played an important role in his life. Early in history, wine became-and still is-an integral part of religious ceremonies. The Bible acknowledged the "wine that maketh glad the heart of man" (Psalms 104: 15), and Pasteur called it "the most healthful and hygienic of beverages." In the hectic modern world, hundreds of millions of people drink liquor, beer or wine for enjoyment, solace and tranquillity. Yet today, as it has throughout history, alcohol is also troubling mankind. For in almost every society, there are those...
...more virulent smallpox. Jenner knew nothing about the immune system, but he had recognized that milkmaids who frequently came in contact with cows suffering from cowpox seldom contracted smallpox. Scientists began to suspect that the body had a mechanism for identifying and combatting disease agents only after Louis Pasteur discovered the existence of bacteria and in the 1850s propounded the germ theory of disease...