Word: pasteurs
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Born a dermatologist's son in Warsaw in 1884, Dr. Funk left Switzerland's Bern University in 1904 with a Ph.D. in chemistry and began his research at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, moving on to London's Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine in 1910. He pursued the causes of beriberi, the deficiency disease that attacks the nerves, heart and digestive system. Beriberi was particularly prevalent in those days among Eastern peoples whose diet consisted mainly of polished rice...
...submerged himself in each new movie role until the actor disappeared, taking days to perfect his makeup, spending weeks learning every nuance of the characters he portrayed-an arrogant gangster in Scarf ace (1932), a fierce patriot in Juarez (1939), a dedicated scientist in The Story of Louis Pasteur, which won him a 1936 Oscar. His Hollywood appeal faded in the 1940s, but he made a triumphant return on Broadway as Clarence Darrow in 1955's Inherit the Wind...
...eccentric Russian scientist, Elie Metchnikoff, is basically responsible. Puzzled by the longevity of villagers in the backwoods of Bulgaria, he bent over his test tubes at the Pasteur Institute in Paris in the early 1900s and concluded that so many Bulgarians lived to be more than 100 because they ate lots of fermented milk. Their yogurt contained Bacillus bulgaricus, which, Metchnikoff decided, chased out the "wild, putrefying bacilli in our large intestine." He consumed untold gallons himself, discoursed profusely about what he believed to be its beneficial effects, and died at the age of 71, leaving behind a mere handful...
...pill," as oral contraceptives are now universally known, may well have as great an impact on the health of billions of people yet unborn as did the work of Pasteur in revealing the mechanism of infections, or of Lister in preventing them. For if the pill can defuse the population explosion, it will go far toward eliminating hunger, want and ignorance. So far, it has reached only a tiny fraction of the world's 700 million women of childbearing age, but its potential is clear from U.S. experience. Of the 39 million American women capable of motherhood...
...disease have always been fellow travelers. U.S. troops in Viet Nam are fighting malaria as well as the human enemy. But now, according to a report jointly issued by the U.S. Army Medical Research Team in Viet Nam and the Institut Pasteur of Saigon, another killer is mounting a virulent attack. Bubonic plague, the Black Death that slaughtered a third of Western Europe during the 14th century, has suddenly started claiming casualties by the thousands. In 1961, only eight cases were reported in South Viet Nam. Last year some 4,500 cases were recognized, and there were upwards...