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Whereupon Judge Paul W. Guilford held Pastor Swenson in contempt of court, sentenced him to 30 days in jail or to pay $100 fine...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Religion: Secrets of the Confessional | 3/16/1931 | See Source »

...pastor shall absolutely not reveal confidences in court. Ecclesiastical and secular government must be kept separate." He quoted Martin Luther: " 'Since it is confessed, not to me, but to Christ, and since Christ keeps it secret, then must I also keep it secret and answer that I have heard nothing. What Christ has heard He can tell...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Religion: Secrets of the Confessional | 3/16/1931 | See Source »

...State had argued that there is nothing in the constitution of the Lutheran Augustana Synod which would forbid a pastor from revealing information given to him at a confessional. Judge Guilford said he did not regard the Lutheran confession as binding upon the pastor, as is the Catholic confession. To this line of reasoning, the Rev. Leonard Kendall, a colleague of Pastor Swenson, replied...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Religion: Secrets of the Confessional | 3/16/1931 | See Source »

...Common law always is regarded by courts unless a statute is found which supersedes it.* It is the common law of the church, even if it is not one of the rules, that a pastor who receives information in confidence must not reveal...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Religion: Secrets of the Confessional | 3/16/1931 | See Source »

...most States such provisions are regarded by pastors and parishioners as protection from the pryings of the law. But Judge Guilford of Minneapolis construed the matter otherwise. Arnold Sundseth, he pointed out, had sought his pastor's advice entirely of his own volition, he was not obligated by any rule of the Lutheran church to make any sort of a confession. The statute therefore, did not apply. While many a U. S. Lutheran waited to hear whether his voluntary confessions to his pastor might some day be exposed before all men, Pastor Swenson was given a 30-day stay...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Religion: Secrets of the Confessional | 3/16/1931 | See Source »

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