Word: peasant
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...been TIME'S Man of the Year for 1951 because he had "oiled the wheels of chaos." In 1963 Iran had been swept by riots stirred up by the powerful Islamic clergy against the Shah's White Revolution. Among other things, this well-meant reform abolished the feudal landlord-peasant system. Two consequences: the reform broke up properties administered by the Shi'ite clergy and reduced their income, some of which consisted of donations from large landholders. The White Revolution also gave the vote to women. The Shah suppressed those disturbances without outside help, in part by jailing...
Indeed, Khomeini's Islamic state is planned and governed in conditions of primitive chaos. Ambassadors and government ministers as well as peasant petitioners wait for their audiences in an antechamber lit by a naked bulb hanging from the ceiling. Two mullahs stand guard over the residence's only link to the outside world: four single-line telephones...
...media said little about the 80 percent of peasant families remaining landless, about the growing shanty towns holding the displaced peasants, the misery and alienation of these people ripped from their traditional way of life and subject to new economic and cultural pressures...
...first reads, "Sons and daughters of intellectuals are getting into P.U. (Peking University) these days, and people from worker-peasant backgrounds can't get in." This is false. There is a tendency to have a high proportion of intellectuals' sons and daughters, just as there is at Harvard, but that does not at all eliminate the possibility that others from different backgrounds could gain attendance...
...Sons and daughters of intellectuals are getting into P.U. these days and people from worker-peasant backgrounds can't get in," Wen explains. "Under Mao only worker-peasant kids got in, and lots of people, many intellectuals, were sent to the countryside as part of their education...