Word: peloponnesus
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...Communists had been cleared from the Peloponnesus, Central Greece, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace. Only 17,000 were left in the mountain strongholds of Vitsi and Grammos. Government generals sent the first units of their 65,000 U.S.-equipped troops into the Grammos sector, where the guerrillas had been expecting the main push. Five days later the government's main forces struck at Vitsi, split the Communist positions and cut off their westward retreat routes to Albania...
...hardly remember a time when there was peace in his country. He has fought the Italians and the Germans, now he fights the Communists. A veteran of two years' warfare against the Red guerrillas, he has seen action at Konitsa, in Epirus, in the Grammos mountains, in the Peloponnesus. He does not know what became of his family; like hundreds & thousands of other Greeks, they fled from Red terror. They may be in a refugee camp; they may be dead. Some day, though he cannot imagine when, Georgios hopes to return to his native village, marry and settle down...
High up in the mountains of the Peloponnesus, Kalavryta (the name means "beautiful springs") was once razed in Roman times. The Romans used it as a watering place; so, later, did the Franks and Turks. In 1821 Archbishop Germanos, of Kalavryta's ancient monastery, began the Greek War of Independence (against the Turks) by raising the Cross at Kalavryta...
...centuries before Christ, song and story being at that time synonymous, the two principal epics of the ancient world were put together and attributed to a poet called Homer. Both poems related adventures incidental to a ten years' war that had been fought by the chivalry from the Peloponnesus against the chivalry of Asia Minor at a walled town, Troy, near the entrance to the Dardanelles. The Odyssey told of the wanderings of the Greek soldier, Odysseus, on his way home to the island of Ithaca (now Corfu); the Iliad told of the wrath of Achilles and what came...
Newly liberated Salonika was almost entirely in the hands of EAM's combat group, the ELAS, and the EAM was almost entirely in the hands of Greek Communists. In the Peloponnesus, the Horofylaki (national constabulary) had ceased to exist. It had been ousted by ELAS members. At Kalamai, when the lights were turned on for the first time in three-and-a-half years, Greeks flocked joyously to the town square, found seven, men hanging, a dozen more stabbed to death. Among the dead: Kalamai's mayor...