Word: penal
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...rates has occurred over the last 20 years. “We’re living now in an era of mass incarceration, and this era has produced a generation of enduringly disadvantaged young African American men,” he said. “The growth of the penal system more broadly has expanded the extent of wrongful conviction and of unwarranted racial disparity.” Western attributed the acceleration of incarceration rates to a “historic collision” of two forces: the shift of the criminal justice system from rehabilitative to punitive and unemployment...
...that same law (for example, speed limits, and the pettier larcenies). It may prove helpful to think of the various penny-ante admonitions of the powers-that-be in a given free nation-state as ‘strong suggestions,’ rather than written legislation or penal code, even if in every case they are of the latter class. With this perspective in mind, one can think of various infractions not as crimes, but as differing viewpoints being vocalized in a long and robust debate about what should and should not be tolerated by the agents of paternalism...
...were convicts," her father, Thorvald, told her. "Let's find out." So began an investigation that led Upfold first to some basic Australian history and then to the story of her great-great grandmother, Anne Dunne, an Irishwoman convicted of stealing linen and sentenced to seven years in the penal colony of New South Wales...
...Commission, the E.U.'s executive branch, accompanied its damning report on life in the Balkan nation today with the announcement that it is freezing E.U. aid worth nearly $790 million, stripping two Bulgarian agencies of the right to manage E.U. funds, and will order Sofia to write a new penal code to deliver more effective justice. "The fight against high-level corruption and organized crime is not producing results," the Commission said in its report. "Corruption and fraud is affecting the delivery of E.U. financial assistance ... A clear strategy to cleanse the system is needed." A separate report...
...they were joined by NGO workers and advocates of all causes, droves of tourists and resident expatriates, and a handful of curious onlookers, all shouting "British Law Quit India!" They were evoking the famous slogan from India's freedom struggle, but referring here to Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, which was introduced by the British to criminalize sexual acts "against the order of nature." Perhaps even more unexpectedly, few marchers wore masks - which the organizers had provided for those who haven't come out - and there were no protests from religious or socially conservative groups. "This is amazing...