Word: penalizes
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...year in San Francisco, 66,000 in Chicago, 80,000 in Los Angeles-while chronic drunks travel an endless circuit from gutter to cell to gutter before their final trip to the morgue. "It is hard to imagine a drearier example of the futile use of penal sanctions," says New York's Chief City Magistrate John M. Murtagh. In New York, at least, the courts demand proof of actual disorderly conduct and the police thus arrest only about 15,000 drunks a year...
...career on the San Francisco Chronicle, finished college on the side, made a name for himself as a sharp investigative reporter. He deliberately got himself tossed into jails as a drunk and a vagrant, wrote a 17-part exposé on conditions that resulted in improvements in the county penal system...
...found was 19 scandal-tainted Siberias jammed with idle, desperate cons and untrained, underpaid guards. Bennett's reports led in 1930 to creation of the Justice Department's Bureau of Prisons, which he took over in 1937. A measure of his devotion is eight pioneering federal penal laws with which he has been associated, including the 1964 Criminal Justice Act financing legal aid for federal defendants...
...moral and spiritual indifference, people who make suicide a spectator sport may be charged with a serious crime. The police, who busied themselves with trying to move the mobs back, were apparently unaware of it, but New York State has two highly relevant laws. Section 2304 of the state penal law says: "A person who willfully, in any manner, advises, encourages, abets or assists another person in taking the latter's life, is guilty of manslaughter in the first degree." Section 2305 adds that incitement is a felony ever if the would-be suicide survives...
...criminal defendants are indigent, hundreds of U.S. lawyers are in for heavy duty. And since the rule may apparently be applied retroactively, as a New York federal court recently ruled, hundreds of convicts are now appealing for new trials-getting their legal counsel from that grand old penal institution, the self-taught jailhouse lawyer...