Word: penalizing
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...Christian Temperance Union, for example, was not simply the haven of moralistic teetotalers, Frances Willard, its leader, and a pre-eminent feminist, deliberately feed she organization as a vehicle to draw women (especially in the south) into public activity under the umbrella of socially acceptable reform causes such as penal reform, labor legislation, the peace movement. Home economics at its inception was the vision of Ellen Richards, a scientist interested in creating new ways of employing women scientists. Her hopes lay in the broad field of "sanitary science" which covered everything from sewage disposal to consumer research. Although not always...
...Prison Reform. During that summer, John Boone, commissioner of correction, who was working for the elimination of correctional institutions, was fired after holding office for a year. Phillips Brooks House decided to join the loose coalition of people and organization in the state pressing for radical change in the penal system, particularly the completion of Boone's goals...
...Prisons Committee's conflict is typical of the problems of the whole House. Massachusetts penal reform groups have brought the committee more abruptly face-to-face with the inconsistencies of its programs: last summer a prison official cited the work of PBH volunteers as evidence of Bridgewater's positive correctional facilities. In a suit brought by the Prisoners' Rights Project...
...Attica tragedy. The Quakers in the late 1700s had the notion that offenders should be locked alone in cells, day and night, so that, in such awful solitude, they would have nothing to do but ponder their acts, repent and reform. By 1825, New York had begun an entire penal system that combined individual cells and total silence with floggings, hard labor in fields and quarries, undeviating routine, and subsistence level food and shelter. As the first warden of Sing Sing had said, "Reformation of the criminal could not possibly be effected until the spirit of the criminal was broken...
Meanwhile, gun control advocates like Buckley are working for an increased emphasis on furloughs and rehabilitiation outside prison walls in further penal and judicial reforms, which they say will help remedy the social and economic problems behind the man "responsible" for misusing...