Word: penicillins
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...Regiment in 1966 when he and his squad were sent into an area that had been sprayed with the herbicide known as Agent Orange. Soon thereafter he lost almost 50 lbs. and developed mysterious lumps on his groin and rashes all over his body. Army doctors dosed him with penicillin and sent him back to duty. Five years later, while serving as a policeman on Long Island, N.Y., Ryan fathered a daughter. Born with multiple birth defects including deformed limbs and organs and a hole in her heart, she will be confined to a wheelchair and need constant care...
...located in North Cambridge. (Klotz was Assistant Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at Harvard when recombinant DNA research first began.) His knowledge brings some surprising insights: for example, the commercial production of a drug can often be speeded up if scientists patent the manufacturing process. The sale of penicillin, by contrast, was held back 15 years because its discoverer, Sir Alexander Fleming, had deemed it ignoble to patent the process...
...Nobel history, just six other women have won honors in scientific categories; and only two of these were named alone, without fellow honorees: France's Marie Curie in 1911, for discovering radium and polonium, and Britain's Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin in 1964, for deciphering the structure of penicillin and other compounds. McClintock is the first to win unshared honors in medicine and physiology. Said Watson, who has been director at Cold Spring Harbor and hence McClintock's boss for 15 years: "It is not a controversial award. No one thinks of genetics now without the implications...
...made possible this incalculable alleviation of human suffering is Dr. Alexander Fleming, discoverer of the antibacterial effect of the mold from which penicillin is made. He is a short (5 ft. 7 in.), gentle, retiring Scot with somewhat dreamy blue eyes, fierce white hair and a mulling mind, which, when it moves, moves with the thrust of a cobra. Until time's solvent has dissolved the human slag, it will be hard to say who the great men of the 20th Century are. But Dr. Alexander Fleming is almost certainly one of them...
...year what Dr. Fleming knew about the mold's bacteria-baiting byproduct appeared in the British Journal of Experimental Pathology. He had found out that the mold was some kind of Penicillium (from the Latin for pencil-the shape of the magnified mold). He named its by-product penicillin. Having made his great discovery, Dr. Fleming went on to other work. He was engaged in many other experiments-no scientist knows just which of his bottles contains the Nobel Prize...