Word: perestroikas
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Despite Gorbachev's drive for "perestroika," or restructuring, Soviet citizens have seen no improvement in the quality or quantity of food and consumer goods, and there is a pervasive feeling that things actually have worsened...
...Azerbaijan by Joseph Stalin in 1923.) But Arutyunyan also declared that the Yerevan demonstrators were "not supported by the broad masses." In reply, Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev chided an Armenian delegation that had come to the Kremlin to plead the cause. Gorbachev described Armenian demonstrators as "opponents of perestroika" who "wanted to poison the people's consciousness with nationalist intoxication...
Next month the movement to return Nagorno-Karabakh to Armenian control will attempt to broaden its character by transforming itself into a Baltic-style Armenian All-National Movement. Like similar organizations in Estonia and Lithuania, the group will officially be committed to supporting perestroika, though its agenda may not be identical to Moscow's. So far, the group's organizers have not announced a specific program, but they are expected to press for issues such as more Armenian-language instruction in schools, greater economic independence for the region, and the right to establish embassies in other Soviet republics with cities...
...impasse. His calls for a "second revolution" of democratic change have been well heeded in the republic -- perhaps too well. A host of grass-roots groups have sprung up to embrace the cause of "democratization." The most prominent is the Popular Front, an avowedly moderate movement committed to furthering perestroika policies. It has attracted as many as 300,000 people to its rallies. Alongside the Popular Front are smaller, more vociferous nationalist organizations, such as the unofficial Estonian National Independence Party, which advocates secession from the Soviet Union...
...next- generation Soviet space station. In a tight economic environment, the cost of that project and of the Soviets' huge space effort in general may be prompting some second thoughts. Despite the successes, says John Pike, director of space policy for the Federation of American Scientists, "the glasnost-perestroika crowd is somewhat down on aerospace...