Word: perestroikas
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During a recent trip to the Ural Mountains to drum up support for perestroika, Gorbachev commented to associates that for the first time in his many forays into the heartland, no one had asked him about U.S.-Soviet relations or the threat of global war. The good news, perhaps, was that everyone knows the danger has diminished. The bad news, however, might be that everyone is too obsessed with the scarcity of dairy products, poultry and apartments to notice...
...many U.S. skeptics who doubt that glasnost and perestroika are sincere and enduring, the welcome this blunt depiction of history received in Moscow is bound to be reassuring. Says its author: "The most important question now is what legacy we are rejecting. This play is a firm rejection of Stalinism." It is also a poignant and at times eerily apt echo of the present -- as when Lenin and his colleagues sadly conclude that the apparent Communist revolution in Germany, where Marx expected his workers' revolt to start, is instead a brief outpouring of rage and envy from a still conservative...
Against that backdrop, the gains of Mongolia's revolution seem breathtaking. Prodded by Moscow and local reformers, the ruling Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party has gingerly embraced shinechiel (renewal), the local version of perestroika. Last March, Ulan Bator opened its doors to foreign investment after the government approved a law that guarantees unlimited and tax-free repatriation of profits for investors and joint ventures. The results seem promising. The Gobi Cashmere Factory already produces garments for Japanese and European markets, and Japanese, European and U.S. traders are talking about joint ventures...
...expect to see them anytime soon. Nicaragua's Chamorro takes a chance and retains a Sandinista. Mongolia tries perestroika in slow motion...
...revival is attributable almost entirely to Vietnam's own perestroika, or doi moi, a program of radical economic "renovation" begun in 1986. Says Le Dang Doanh, a senior government economist and a principal architect of the program: "Vietnam does not consider Marxism to be holy dogma. We need to be creative." Only a few years ago, the state accounted for close to half of national income. Now it generates only 28% of national income, Doanh notes, while private enterprise makes up 40% and the remainder is a mixture of public and private ventures. The reforms include the abolition of subsidized...