Word: persianism
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Iraq has its geographical unity, its great river valley, and after three generations under a British-created monarch, its own political and economic institutions. Above all, it has oil. Among Arab states, Egypt and Syria lack the oil-creating wealth, Saudi Arabia and the Persian Gulf sheikdoms the economy that can absorb it. Iraq, alone of all Arab nations, has both, and on the wave of its oil royalties it has launched an ambitious program of economic development that is transforming the political balances of the region...
...Covenanter. Commissioned a sublieutenant, Nuri rode back to Baghdad, slim, handsome in the mustache sprouted in Constantinople, and fiercely proud of his uniform. He became a platoon commander at a Persian border town, and fell in with Jafar al-Askari, a husky, bull-necked Arab a few years his senior. The two became fast friends, and in 1910, as one member of the family puts it, "they gave each other their sisters." Though in accordance with Arab custom Nuri was not introduced to his bride Naima till the wedding day, Jafar arranged for her to catch a glimpse of Nuri...
Since 1950, with the help of foreign experts (a U.S. and a British economist are full members of the board), Iraq's unique agency has built, started or planned 16 dams between the snow-veined mountains of Kurdistan and the steaming shores of the Persian Gulf. It has completed two great barrages that this year caught the flood waters of the Tigris and Euphrates and led them into new $30 million lakes at Wadi Tharthar and Habbaniya. Downstream its contractors are digging drainage ditches and scooping silt from the ancient Babylonian water-distribution canals, now scheduled to be used...
...Italy's state-owned ENI oil and gas monopoly, headed by ambitious Enrico Mattei, who wants to force Italy's way into the international consortium of British, Dutch, French and 14 U.S. oil companies that holds the concession on Iran's older oilfield along the Persian Gulf. A fortnight ago ENI had reportedly closed a deal to exploit Qum itself. Last week it was disclosed that ENI had merely initialed a contract, subject to ratification by the Iranian Parliament, to explore three other areas. Under its deal ENI would advance $22 million for exploration costs, get nothing...
...flag tanker, on Israel's charter and carrying a full cargo of Persian Gulf oil, sailed up the Gulf of Aqaba last week in a blinding sandstorm and anchored at the Israeli port of Elath. En route, in the Red Sea, a U.S. warship had spoken the tanker and asked it to identify itself. "When we said we were American and on our way to Elath," said the skipper, "the reply was, 'Good luck.' " As the tanker passed through the narrow and disputed Strait of Tiran, the captain ordered the flag dipped in salute to the UNEF...