Word: petri
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...announced this summer that they would develop new cell lines through somatic cell nuclear transfer, or therapeutic cloning. In this process, a cell from a patient with diabetes, for instance, is inserted into an unfertilized egg whose nucleus has been removed; then it is prodded into growing in a petri dish for a few days until its stem cells can be harvested. Unlike fertility-clinic embryos, these cells would match the patient's DNA, so the body would be less likely to reject a transplant derived from them. Even more exciting for researchers, however, is that this technique can yield...
...scientific or medical reason, but purely to address a religious issue." The most exciting new possibility doesn't go near embryos at all. Dr. Shinya Yamanaka of Kyoto University reported tantalizing success in taking an adult skin cell, exposing it to four growth factors in a petri dish and transforming it into an embryo-like entity that could produce stem cells--potentially sidestepping the entire debate over means and ends...
Clones are vulnerable throughout the cloning process, from their first days in a culture dish to their final moments in the womb to their first weeks after birth. (By contrast, embryos created by in vitro fertilization, which also start out in a petri dish, are pretty much home free if they make it past the first month in the womb.) Dolly, in fact, was the sole survivor of 277 cloning attempts. Clones, as the scientists who make them are fond of saying, are the exception rather than the rule...
...long-term goals of the research will be both academic and clinical, the researchers said.By creating stem cell lines using cells from patients with diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s, and sickle-cell anemia, researchers can “move those patients’ diseases into the petri dish” and more effectively study them, said Daley at the conference.“The fact that these embryonic stem cell lines will carry the genes of that sick person is a remarkable opportunity to study the disease the person is carrying,” Eggan said.And since...
...studies will be to create disease-specific stem cells from patients; these cells could eventually lead to new treatments for conditions ranging from diabetes to Alzheimer's. "We're excited using SCNT as a way forward where in essence we can move the study of disease from patients to Petri dish," said Douglas Melton, co-director of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, whose own son was diagnosed with juvenile diabetes, guiding his decision to focus his experiments on that disease first. He will take the donated eggs, remove their nuclei and replace them with skin cells taken from diabetic patients...