Word: petroleum
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Goodrich's "Ameripol" is a butadiene rubber, but it is made by cracking petroleum, of which the U. S. has plenty, Germany hardly enough. Cracking yields a gas, which liquefies to give butadiene under pressure. Standard Oil's butyl rubber is also a butadiene from oil-cracking. Last year Chicago's Universal Oil Products...
This was Goodrich's way of introducing a new synthetic rubber, patriotically called "Liberty Rubber" or Ameripol (Ameripol-for American raw materials, mostly petroleum; pol-for polymerization, the process of making synthetic rubbers...
Also last week, President William Stamps Parish of Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey announced a new synthetic companion to its German-originated Buna-Butyl. He told his stockholders: "We are in a position to manufacture the 'butyl' rubber from petroleum in any required quantities as rapidly as the necessary plant facilities can be installed." Building now at Baton Rouge is a 10,000 Ib.-a-day Buna plant for Standard, from whom Akron's Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. has already obtained a manufacturing license...
Wealthier grew the Blausteins, fatter grew Pan Am. Pan Am acquired famed Lago Petroleum on Venezuela's Lake Maracaibo, built the great Aruba island refinery in the Dutch West Indies. For 1932, Amoco and subsidiaries turned in a net profit of $4,149,200, up 1,075% from the year the Pan Am deal was made. But meanwhile Louis Blaustein awakened one morning to find his worst fears confirmed: Standard of Indiana, after quietly buying up Pan Am stock, was in control of the production and refining end of his business...
...things in particular accounted for the brimming gasoline tanks. With Germany out of the market, with French and English car-owners rationed to spoonfuls, World War II, after the first flurry, had reduced U. S. crude and refined petroleum exports by some 20%. Still more potent was a prolonged U. S. winter which had unexpectedly boomed the demand for fuel oil by 28% over the year before. Result: running crude through the stills to get oil for heating, refiners as a by-product ran up millions of gallons of gasoline...